{"id":9529,"date":"2022-01-27T10:28:23","date_gmt":"2022-01-27T10:28:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ulysses.travel\/basilica-of-st-john-lateran-rome\/"},"modified":"2024-09-11T13:16:31","modified_gmt":"2024-09-11T13:16:31","slug":"basilica-of-st-john-lateran-rome","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ulysses.travel\/en\/basilica-of-st-john-lateran-rome\/","title":{"rendered":"The Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran in Rome"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Perched atop the Lateran Hill, the Basilica of St. John Lateran (Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano) is one of the four major basilicas of Rome.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nearly 1,700 years old, it is the oldest Christian church in the Western world. This is highlighted by the inscription on its fa\u00e7ade: Omnium urbis et orbis ecclesiarum mater et caput (Mother and head of all the churches of the city and the world).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Follow the guide!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Good to Know: <\/strong>Access to the cloister of the Basilica of St. John Lateran and an audio guide (available in French) are included in the Omnia Card.<\/strong><\/a>This card also offers skip-the-line access to numerous monuments in the city<\/strong> (including the Vatican Museums, St. Peter’s Basilica, and the Colosseum) as well as unlimited access to public transport.<\/strong>
It\u2019s a great way to avoid long lines and make the most of your visit!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Insider<\/strong> Tips<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Top tip:<\/strong> Free guided city tour<\/a> (in English)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Accommodations:<\/strong> all our tips recommendations <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plan your stay:<\/strong> the complete guide to Rome<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Visiting Rome with children:<\/strong> all our tips<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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A Brief History of the Basilica of St. John Lateran<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The Foundation of the Basilica<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

In 313 AD, Emperor Constantine issued the Edict of Milan, establishing the Peace of the Church, a period of tolerance toward Christians following centuries of persecution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eleven years later, the Basilica of St. John Lateran was the first church to be officially consecrated in Rome by Pope Sylvester I..<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Where Does the Basilica Get Its Name?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Although its official name is the Basilica of the Most Holy Savior and Saints John the Baptist and John the Evangelist, it is commonly known as the Basilica of St. John Lateran, referencing the Lateran Hill where it was built. The basilica once stood next to the Lateran Palace, the residence of popes from the 4th<\/sup> to the 14th<\/sup> century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The hill itself is named after the Laterani family, who owned the land during ancient times.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The Cathedral of the Bishop of Rome<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

From the 4th<\/sup> to the 14th<\/sup> century, the Lateran Palace, adjacent to the basilica, served as the official residence of the popes in Rome.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During this period, the Basilica of St. John Lateran endured several earthquakes, pillages, and fires, leading to multiple reconstructions and restorations. The Romanesque cloister was built between the 12th<\/sup> and 13th<\/sup> centuries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

From 1309 to 1377, the popes resided in Avignon. Upon their return to Italy, they left behind the dilapidated Lateran Palace and the basilica, opting instead to settle near St. Peter’s Basilica in the Vatican. Despite this move, St. John Lateran remains the cathedral of Rome, with the pope serving as its bishop. The pope still celebrates the Holy Thursday service at the basilica each year. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u26ea The Four Major Basilicas of Rome \u26ea<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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The Basilica of St. John Lateran is one of the four major basilicas of Rome, along with St. Peter’s Basilica<\/a>, St. Mary Major<\/a>, and St. Paul Outside the Walls<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Major Renovations of the 17th<\/sup> and 18th<\/sup> Centuries<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The Basilica of St. John Lateran, as we see it today, is largely the result of work led by Italian architect Francesco Borromini under the patronage of Pope Innocent X. Borromini is responsible for much of the interior design of the basilica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The travertine exterior fa\u00e7ade was designed by architect Alessandro Galilei in the early 18th<\/sup> century. Around this time, the doors from the Curia (the former Roman Senate) were transferred from the Roman Forum<\/a> to St. John Lateran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\ud83e\uddd0 Fun fact \ud83e\uddd0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Due to financial contributions from the Kingdom of France for the restoration and upkeep of St. John Lateran from the 15th<\/sup> to 19th<\/sup> centuries, the King of France was granted the title of “first and only honorary canon” of the basilica in the early 16th<\/sup> century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Although French contributions ended in the 19th<\/sup> century, the President of France continues to hold this honorary title today.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Visiting St. John Lateran<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The Exterior of St. John Lateran Basilica<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The first stop is the exterior of the basilica. Completed in the 18th<\/sup> century, the travertine Baroque fa\u00e7ade<\/strong> is the work of architect Alessandro Galilei. It is adorned with 15 monumental statues<\/strong> (each 7 meters tall), representing Jesus, St. John the Baptist, St. John the Evangelist, and twelve Doctors of the Church (recognized theologians, both men and women, within the Church).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fa\u00e7ade also features five doors, including the<\/strong> bronze doors of the Curia<\/strong> from the Roman Forum, and the Holy Door<\/strong>, which is only opened every 25 years to mark the beginning of a Holy Year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Renaissance-style fa\u00e7ade on Piazza San Giovanni in Lateran<\/strong>o (facing the north transept) is also worth admiring, with its loggia and 13t<\/sup>h<\/sup>-century bell towers..<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Basilica<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Interior of St. John Lateran Basilica<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The interior of the basilica, designed in Baroque style, is the result of extensive renovations led by Francesco Borromini under Pope Innocent X for the Holy Year of 1650.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Nave:<\/strong> Topped with a 16th<\/sup>-century coffered ceiling, the central nave features 12 niches containing statues of the apostles. The cosmatesque marble floor, with its geometric patterns, dates back to the medieval period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Basilica<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Transept: <\/strong>Designed by architect Giacomo della Porta in the late 16th<\/sup> century, the transept is decorated with mannerist frescoes depicting the life of Emperor Constantine and the basilica’s foundation. The organ on the right side of the transept is the oldest in Rome, and the magnificent gothic baldachin dates to the 14th<\/sup> century, housing relics of St. Paul and St. Peter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Apse and Choir<\/strong>: The apse is adorned with a beautiful mosaic dating back to the 4th<\/sup> century, though largely renovated in the 13th<\/sup> and 19th<\/sup> centuries. This is where the pontifical throne is located.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Basilica<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Cloister<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Built in the 13th<\/sup> century, the cosmatesque cloister<\/strong> (with paid access) has withstood disasters like fires and earthquakes, as well as the passage of time. Its small garden and beautiful spiral columns<\/strong> are well worth a visit.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"Basilica<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

The Baptistery<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The octagonal baptistery,<\/strong> located outside the basilica, is one of the oldest known Christian baptisteries.

Built in the 3rd<\/sup> century and restored in the 5th<\/sup> century, its interior is adorned with red porphyry columns and ancient mosaics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Basilica<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The Scala Santa (Holy Stairs)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Before leaving, be sure to check out the Scala Santa<\/strong>, located directly across from the basilica on Piazza San Giovanni in Laterano. According to Christian tradition, these are the stairs from Pontius Pilate’s palace in Jerusalem, believed to be the ones Jesus ascended before being judged.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Lateran Obelisk<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Also located in Piazza San Giovanni in Laterano is the Lateran Obelisk,<\/strong> a towering 36-meter-high (118 ft) Egyptian obelisk. It was brought to Rome by Constantine in the 4th<\/sup> century and originally erected at the Circus Maximus. In the late 16th<\/sup> century, under the orders of Pope Sixtus V, it was moved to its current location.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Practical Information<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Access to the Basilica of St. John Lateran<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The basilica is located in the Esquiline district, south of Termini Station. The nearest metro station is San Giovanni on Line A. Several buses also stop nearby, including lines 16, 81, 85, 87, 186, 650, 810, and 850.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Insider Tip<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Unlimited access to public transport is included with the Omnia Card and Roma Pass. More details: Omnia Card \/ Roma Pass<\/a>.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Opening Hours of St. John Lateran<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The Basilica of St. John Lateran is open daily from 7:30 AM to 6:30 PM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Admission Fees<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Entry to the basilica is free,

but there is a \u20ac5 fee to access the cloister.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Omnia Card<\/a> includes access to the cloister and an audio guide, <\/strong>as well as skip-the-line entry to many of Rome’s most famous sites, including the Vatican Museums, St. Peter’s Basilica, the Colosseum, the Roman Forum, Palatine Hill, and the Borghese Gallery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Powered by GetYourGuide<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Avoid the lines: Book your tickets and tours in Rome in advance!<\/strong> <\/h4>\n\n\n\n
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Looking for more tips and recommendations? Check out Captain Ulysses\u2019 best finds in Rome! <\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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\ufe0f Accommodation<\/strong>: Booking<\/a>:
– Best hostels<\/a>
– Best budget hotels<\/a>
– Best mid-range hotels<\/a>
– Best luxury hotels<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ufe0f Activities:<\/strong> GetYourGuide<\/a>, Tiqets<\/a> and Civitatis<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Citypass: <\/strong>Omnia Card<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Transfers:<\/strong> airport transfers<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Local Transportation:<\/strong> Public transport access is included with both the Roma Pass and the Omnia Card<\/a>. Additionally, you have other options like hop-on, hop-off buses<\/a> (with audio guides), electric bike rentals<\/a>, or scooter rentals<\/a> to explore the city at your own pace. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2708\ufe0f Flights, trains, buses :<\/strong> Skyscanner<\/a> (flights) | Omio<\/a> (plane, train bus)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Credits<\/em>
Lawrence OP<\/a> | Wikimedia Commons
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<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Perched atop the Lateran Hill, the Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran is the oldest church in Rome… An absolute must-visit! <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":7738,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[142,171,169,242],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9529","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-europe-en","category-italy","category-mediterranean-europe","category-rome-en"],"yoast_head":"\n[Guide 2024] A Guide to the Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran in Rome | Ulysses Travel<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Perched atop the Lateran Hill, the Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran is the oldest church in Rome... 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